digital colonialism

Digital Colonialism and the Role of Local Intermediaries: Big Tech, Data Sovereignty and Human Rights in Africa

An open-access scholarly article in the Business and Human Rights Journal (2025) by Jake Okechukwu Effoduh of Toronto Metropolitan University. It examines how Big Tech firms and local intermediaries perpetuate data exploitation, infrastructure dependency and algorithmic bias in Africa, drawing parallels between historical colonialism and the modern digital economy.